Frazing systems are:

A. Grazing systems in the northern mountains
B. Grazing pattern in desert ranges
C. Grazing systems in Balochistan and Sulaiman mountain range
D. All of the above

Gaps in knowledge – the projected programmes include:

A. Further studies on proper site preparation; introduction of nitrogen-fixing trees
B. And multipurpose trees; arid and semi-arid zone afforestation; growing of trees in conjunction with agriculture; environment degradation assessment
C. Use of saline water for raising tree crops; forest genetics; setting up of seed orchards
D. All of the above

Air pollution is caused by:

A. The smoke, gases and fumes coming out of the factory chimneys
B. The transport vehicles badly pollute the air
C. Both (a) & (b)
D. None of these

Components of stream flow: Sources of flow to channel are:

A. Channel interception or direct precipitation over the steam rain flow incident
B. Surface run-off
C. Sub-surface flow or inter-flow
D. Base flow

General principles of a national forest policy are:

A. Obtain maximum benefits from the forest resources on a sustainable basis
B. Fix short and long term goals and identify strategies to achieve those goals
C. Both (a) & (b)
D. None of these

Pakistan being located on the confluence of the western end of the Indian subcontinent and the Iranian plateau supports a varied and interesting mix of flora and fauna belonging to the:

A. Indo-Malayan
B. Palaearctic regions
C. Some forms originating from the Ethiopian region
D. All of the above

The reasons for the valuation of forest (timber appraisal as it is called in USA) are:

A. To serve as a guide in buying and selling
B. To serve as a guide for making choice among the other alternatives for investments
C. To set a value for purpose of obtaining loans
D. To estimate damages

Harmful effects can also result from:

A. Pruning trees that are growing very slowly
B. Removing large branches
C. Eliminating too much of the live crown
D. Committing similar errors of judgment

In the policy statement of 1991, it has, therefore, been laid out that:

A. Forests are managed intensively and the pilot projects started in Kaghan valley in Hazara and Kalam valley in Malakand Civil Divisions are replicated at other suitable locations
B. Extraction from coniferous forests is limited to public sector only. Timber harvesting has already been departmentalized in four provinces and Azad Kashmir
C. The jurisdictional charges of forest personnel are rationalized to make them more manageable
D. All of the above

The major floods in Pakistan have caused losses worth _____ million and are responsible for unsufficiency of food and subsequent higher import bills in the year to follow:

A. Rs.80,000
B. Rs.90,000
C. Rs.75,000
D. None of these